Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) waa polymer isku dhafan oo leh codsiyo badan oo kala duwan oo laga helo warshado kala duwan oo ay ku jiraan dawooyinka, cuntada, dhismaha iyo qurxinta.Alaabta ceeriin ee ugu muhiimsan ee loo isticmaalo in lagu soo saaro HPMC waa cellulose iyo propylene oxide.
1. Cellulose: saldhigga HPMC
1.1 Dulmarka cellulose
Cellulose waa karbohaydrayt kakan oo ah qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee qaab dhismeedka gidaarada unugyada cagaaran.Waxay ka kooban tahay silsilado toosan oo unugyo gulukoos ah oo ay isku xidhan yihiin β-1,4-glycosidic bonds.Badana kooxaha hydroxyl ee ku jira cellulose waxay ka dhigtaa walxo bilaw ah oo ku haboon isku dhafka noocyada kala duwan ee cellulose, oo ay ku jiraan HPMC.
1.2 Soo iibsiga Cellulose
Cellulose waxaa laga soo saari karaa agabyo kala duwan oo geedo ah, sida saxarka alwaax, suufka suufka, ama dhirta kale ee fibros ah.Saxarka alwaaxdu waa il caadi ah sababtoo ah badnaantiisa, waxtarkiisa, iyo sii jiritaankiisa.Soo saarista cellulose waxay badanaa ku lug leedahay jebinta fiilooyinka dhirta iyada oo loo marayo nidaamyo farsamo iyo kiimiko oo taxane ah.
1.3 daahirnimada iyo sifooyinka
Tayada iyo nadiifnimada cellulose ayaa muhiim u ah go'aaminta sifooyinka alaabta ugu dambeysa ee HPMC.Cellulose-nadiifinta sare waxay hubisaa in HPMC lagu soo saaray sifooyin joogto ah sida viscosity, milanka iyo xasilloonida kulaylka.
2. Propylene oxide: soo bandhigida kooxda hydroxypropyl
2.1 Hordhac propylene oxide
Propylene oxide (PO) waa unug dabiici ah oo leh qaacidada kiimikada C3H6O.Waa epoxide, taasoo la macno ah inay ka kooban tahay atamka ogsijiinta oo ku xidhan laba atamka kaarboon ee isku xiga.Propylene oxide waa alaabta ceeriin ee muhiimka ah ee isku dhafka hydroxypropyl cellulose, kaas oo dhexdhexaad u ah soo saarista HPMC.
2.2 Habka Hydroxypropylation
Habka hydroxypropylation wuxuu ku lug leeyahay falcelinta cellulose leh propylene oxide si loogu soo bandhigo kooxaha hydroxypropyl ee lafta dhabarka cellulose.Dareen-celintan waxaa sida caadiga ah lagu fuliyaa joogitaanka kicinta aasaasiga ah.Kooxaha Hydroxypropyl waxay siiyan milanka soo hagaagay iyo guryaha kale ee la jecel yahay ee cellulose, taasoo horseedaysa samaynta hydroxypropyl cellulose.
3. Methylation: Ku darista kooxaha methyl
3.1 Habka Methylation
Hydroxypropylation ka dib, tallaabada xigta ee isku-dhafka HPMC waa methylation.Nidaamku wuxuu ku lug leeyahay soo bandhigida kooxaha methyl ee lafta dhabarka cellulose.Methyl chloride waa fal-celin caadi ah oo loo isticmaalo falcelintan.Heerka methylation wuxuu saameeyaa sifooyinka alaabta HPMC ee ugu dambeysa, oo ay ku jiraan viscosity iyo dabeecadda jel.
3.2 Darajada beddelka
Heerka beddelka (DS) waa halbeeg muhiim ah oo lagu qiyaaso celceliska tirada beddelka ah (methyl iyo hydroxypropyl) unugga anhydroglucose ee silsiladda cellulose.Habka wax-soo-saarka si taxadar leh ayaa loo xakameeyaa si loo gaaro waxqabadka la rabo ee alaabta HPMC.
4. Nadiifinta iyo Xakamaynta Tayada
4.1 Ka saarida alaabada
Isku-dubaridka HPMC waxa laga yaabaa inay keento samaynta alaab-soo-saar sida milix ama reagents aan falcelin lahayn.Tallaabooyinka nadiifinta oo ay ku jiraan dhaqidda iyo sifaynta ayaa loo isticmaalaa si meesha looga saaro wasakhdaas oo loo kordhiyo nadiifnimada alaabta ugu dambeysa.
4.2 Tallaabooyinka xakamaynta tayada
Tallaabooyinka xakamaynta tayada adag ayaa lafuliyaa inta lagu guda jiro habka wax soo saarka si loo hubiyo joogtaynta iyo tayada HPMC.Farsamooyinka falanqaynta sida spectroscopy, chromatography iyo rheology ayaa loo isticmaalaa si loo qiimeeyo cabbirrada sida miisaanka kelli, heerka beddelka iyo viscosity.
5. Astaamaha Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)
5.1 Qalabka jirka
HPMC waa cad ilaa cad-cad, budo aan ur lahayn oo leh sifooyin filim samayneed aad u wanaagsan.Waa hygroscopic waxayna si fudud u sameysaa jel hufan marka lagu kala firdhiyo biyaha.Solubility ee HPMC waxay ku xidhan tahay heerka beddelka oo waxaa saameeya arrimo sida heerkulka iyo pH.
5.2 Qaab dhismeedka kiimikada
Qaab dhismeedka kiimikaad ee HPMC waxa uu ka kooban yahay laf dhabarta cellulose oo leh hydroxypropyl iyo methyl.Saamiga beddelaadahan, oo ka muuqda heerka beddelka, ayaa go'aamiya guud ahaan qaab-dhismeedka kiimikada iyo sidaas sifooyinka HPMC.
5.3 Viscosity iyo sifooyinka rheological
HPMC waxaa lagu heli karaa darajooyin kala duwan oo leh noocyo kala duwan oo viscosity ah.Viscosity ee xalalka HPMC waa arrin muhiim ah oo ku saabsan codsiyada sida daawooyinka, halkaas oo ay saamayso profile sii daayo ee daroogada, iyo in dhismaha, halkaas oo ay saameyn ku shaqada ee hoobiye iyo koollada.
5.4 Filim samaynta iyo dhumucda guryaha
HPMC waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa filim ahaan hore u ahaan jiray dahaarka daawada iyo sida wakiilka dhumuc ee qaabab kala duwan.Awooddeeda filim-samaynta waxay ka dhigaysaa mid qiimo leh horumarinta hababka dahaarka daroogada ee la kantaroolo, iyada oo sifooyinkeeda dhumucdiisu ay kor u qaadaan jilicsanaanta iyo xasilloonida alaabooyin badan.
6. Codsiga hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
6.1 Warshadaha dawooyinka
Warshadaha dawooyinka, HPMC waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo foomamka qiyaasta qiyaasta afka ah sida kiniiniyada iyo kaabsaloyinka.Waxa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa sida xidhe, kala daadsan iyo wakiilka daahan filimada.Sifooyinka la xakameeyey ee HPMC waxay fududeeyaan codsigeeda qaabaynta sii-daynta joogtada ah.
6.2 Warshadaha dhismaha
Qaybta dhismaha, HPMC waxa loo isticmaalaa sidii wakiilka biyaha haynta, dhumucyada iyo xabagta ee alaabta sibidhka ku salaysan.Waxay wanaajisaa awoodda shaqada ee hoobiye, waxay ka hortagtaa qulqulka codsiyada tooska ah, waxayna wanaajisaa waxqabadka guud ee qalabka dhismaha.
6.3 Warshadaha cuntada
HPMC waxa loo isticmaalaa warshadaha cuntada sidii dhumuye, xasiliye iyo emulsifier ahaan.Awooddeeda in ay samayso jel-ku-jir yar ayaa ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon codsiyada kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan suugada, dhaymada iyo macmacaanka.
6.4 Waxyaabaha la isku qurxiyo iyo alaabta daryeelka shakhsi ahaaneed
Qalabka la isku qurxiyo iyo alaabta daryeelka shakhsi ahaaneed, HPMC waxaa laga helaa noocyo kala duwan oo nooc ah oo ay ku jiraan kiriimyada, labeennada iyo shaambooyinka.Waxay gacan ka geysataa hagaajinta qaabka, xasilloonida iyo guud ahaan waxqabadka alaabtan.
6.5 Warshadaha kale
Kala duwanaanta HPMC waxay ku fidsan tahay warshadaha kale, oo ay ku jiraan dunta, rinjiyada iyo xabagta, halkaas oo loo isticmaali karo wax ka beddelka rheology, wakiilka biyaha haynta iyo dhumucyada.
7. Gabagabo
Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose waa polymer isku dhafan oo leh codsiyo badan.Isku-dubaridkeedu waxa uu isticmaalaa cellulose iyo propylene oxide sida alaabta ceeriin ee ugu weyn, iyo cellulose waxaa lagu beddelaa iyada oo loo marayo hydroxypropylation iyo hababka methylation.Xakamaynta la xakameeyey ee alaabtan ceyriinka ah iyo xaaladaha falcelinta waxay soo saari kartaa HPMC oo leh hanti la habeeyey si loo daboolo baahiyaha warshadaha gaarka ah.Sidaa darteed, HPMC waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa hagaajinta waxqabadka iyo shaqada alaabada warshadaha.Sahaminta joogtada ah ee codsiyada cusub iyo hagaajinta hababka wax soo saarka ayaa ka caawiya HPMC inay sii wado doorka muhiimka ah ee suuqa caalamiga ah.
Waqtiga boostada: Dec-28-2023