Iyada oo loo marayo falanqaynta iyo soo koobidda natiijooyinka baaritaanka ether cellulose ee saddexda cutub, gabagabada ugu muhiimsan waa sida soo socota:
5.1 Gabagabada
1. Cellulose ether ka soo saarida alaabta ceeriin ee dhirta
(1) Qaybaha shan alaabta ceeriin ee dhirta (qoyaanka, dambaska, tayada alwaax, cellulose iyo hemicellulose) ayaa la qiyaasay, waxaana la doortay saddex qalab dhirta wakiil ah, balka geedka iyo cawska sarreenka, ayaa la doortay.
iyo bagaash si loo soo saaro cellulose, iyo habka soo saarista cellulose ayaa la hagaajiyay. Marka la eego shuruudaha habraaca la hagaajiyay, ee
Nadiifinta qaraabada ah ee lignocellulose, cellulose caws qamadi iyo bagasse cellulose ayaa dhamaantood ka sarreeyay 90%, wax-soo-saarkooduna waxa uu ka sarreeyay 40%.
(2) Laga soo bilaabo falanqaynta spectrum infrared, waxaa la arki karaa in daaweynta ka dib, alaabta cellulose ee laga soo saaro cawska sarreenka, bagaash iyo balka geed.
Marka la joogo 1510 cm-1 (gariir lafaha giraanta benzene) iyo agagaarka 1730 cm-1
Ma jirin meel sare, taas oo muujinaysa in lignin iyo hemicellulose ee alaabta la soo saaray asal ahaan laga saaray, iyo cellulose la helay waxay leedahay nadiif sare. by guduud
Waxaa laga arki karaa muuqaalka nuugista dibadda in nuxurka qaraabada ah ee lignin uu si joogto ah hoos ugu dhaco ka dib tallaabo kasta oo daaweyn ah, iyo nuugista UV ee cellulose la helay ayaa hoos u dhacda.
Qallooca spectral-ka ee la helay wuxuu ku dhowaa qalooca nuugista ultraviolet ee bannaanka potassium permanganate, taasoo muujinaysa in cellulose-ka la helay uu ahaa mid saafi ah. by X
Falanqaynta kala-duwanaanta raajada ayaa muujisay in kristalinnimada qaraabo ee cellulose-ka alaabta la helay si weyn loo hagaajiyay.
2. Diyaarinta ethers cellulose
(1) Tijaabada hal arrin ayaa loo isticmaalay si loo wanaajiyo habka pretreatment pretreatment alkali decrystallisation of cellulose geed;
Tijaabooyin orthogonal ah iyo tijaabooyin hal-hal-hal ah ayaa lagu sameeyay diyaarinta CMC, HEC iyo HECMC oo laga soo qaaday alwaax alwaax ah cellulose, siday u kala horreeyaan.
tayeynta. Marka loo eego hababka diyaarinta ugu wanaagsan ee kala duwan, CMC oo leh DS ilaa 1.237, HEC oo leh MS ilaa 1.657 ayaa la helay.
iyo HECMC oo leh DS ee 0.869. (2) Marka loo eego falanqaynta FTIR, marka la barbar dhigo cellulose alwaax asalka ah, carboxymethyl si guul leh ayaa loo geliyey ether cellulose CMC.
In cellulose ether HEC, kooxda hydroxyethyl ayaa si guul leh loogu xidhay; HECMC ee cellulose ether, kooxda hydroxyethyl ayaa si guul leh loogu xiray
Carboxymethyl iyo kooxaha hydroxyethyl.
(3) Waxaa laga heli karaa falanqaynta H-NMR in kooxda hydroxyethyl lagu soo bandhigo sheyga HEC, iyo HEC waxaa lagu helaa xisaabin fudud.
heerka molar ee beddelka.
(4) Marka loo eego falanqaynta XRD, marka la barbar dhigo cellulose alwaax asalka ah, ethers cellulose CMC, HEC iyo HEECMC waxay leeyihiin a
Foomamka kareemka ayaa dhamaantood isku bedelay nooca cellulose II, iyo crystallinity si weyn hoos ugu dhacay.
3. Codsiga koollada ether cellulose
(1) Waxyaabaha aasaasiga ah ee koollada asalka ah: SA, CMC, HEC iyo HECMC waa dhammaan dareerayaasha pseudoplastic, iyo
Pseudoplasticity ee saddexda ethers cellulose ayaa ka fiican kan SA, marka la barbardhigo SA, waxay leedahay qiimo hoose oo PVI ah, taas oo ku habboon daabacaadda qaababka wanaagsan.
Ubax; siday u kala horreeyaan heerka samaynta koollada ee afarta koollada waa: SA> CMC> HECMC> HEC; awoodda haysashada biyaha ee koollada asalka ah ee CMC,
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Iswaafajinta HOL iyo cusbada ka-hortagga wasakheynta S waxay la mid tahay SA, iyo xasilloonida kaydinta koollada asalka ah ee CMC way ka fiican tahay SA, laakiin
Isku-waafajinta koollada cayriin ee HEC way ka xun tahay kan SA;
Iswaafajinta iyo xasiloonida kaydinta sodium bicarbonate waxay ka xun tahay SA;
SA way la mid tahay, laakiin awoodda haynta biyaha, ku habboonaanta sodium bicarbonate iyo xasilloonida kaydinta koollada cayriin ee HEECMC ayaa ka hooseeya SA. (2) Waxqabadka daabacaadda ee koollada: CMC midabka muuqda ee soo-saarka iyo dabar-goynta, dareenka daabacaadda, xawaaraha midabka daabacaadda, iwm. ayaa dhammaantood la barbar dhigi kara SA.
iyo heerka quusitaanka ee CMC ayaa ka wanaagsan kan SA; heerka niyadjabka iyo dareenka daabacaadda ee HEC waxay la mid yihiin SA, laakiin muuqaalka HEC ayaa ka fiican kan SA.
Mugga midabka, xajinta iyo xawaaraha midabka si loo xoqo ayaa ka hooseeya SA; Dareenka daabacaadda HECMC, midabka midabka xoqida waxay la mid yihiin SA;
Saamiga koollada ayaa ka sarreeya SA, laakiin soo-saarka midabka muuqda iyo xasilloonida kaydinta HECMC ayaa ka hooseeya SA.
5.2 Talooyin
Laga soo bilaabo saamaynta codsiga 5.1 koollada ether cellulose ayaa laga heli karaa, koollada ether cellulose waxaa loo isticmaali karaa firfircoon
Koofiyadaha daabacaadda dheeha, gaar ahaan anionic cellulose ethers. Sababo la xiriira hordhaca ah ee kooxda hydrophilic carboxymethyl, lix ka kooban
Dareen-celinta kooxda hydroxyl aasaasiga ah ee giraanta, iyo kharashka taban ka dib ionization isla waqti isku mid ah, waxay kor u qaadi kartaa midabaynta fiilooyinka leh midabyo falcelin leh. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, guud ahaan,
Saamaynta codsiga ee koollada ether-ka ee cellulose ma aha mid aad u wanaagsan, badi ahaan sababtoo ah heerka beddelka ama beddelka molar ee eter cellulose.
Sababtoo ah heerka hooseeya ee beddelka, diyaarinta ethers cellulose oo leh shahaado beddelaad sare ama shahaado beddelaad sare waxay u baahan tahay daraasad dheeraad ah.
Waqtiga boostada: Oct-08-2022